LIST OF PANELS

Access to clean and affordable energy is a necessity in developing countries because energy consumption is the main cause of climate change. Even though developing countries (DCs) are not historically responsible for anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that have led to climate change, legal instruments, particularly the Paris Agreement on climate change, recognize that the share of GHG emissions from DCs will increase to allow them to develop. According to the United Nations, at the current pace, around 660 million people will still not have access to electricity and nearly 2 billion people will still depend on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking by 2030. The issue of access to clean energy has sparked numerous research efforts. They focused on the opportunities that such access could provide in terms of employment (Petrie, 2013), the various plans aimed at enabling access to clean energy on the African continent (Boa, 2016), the issue of their governance on a global scale (Luomi, 2020), and the main challenges faced by both old and new actors in the energy transition (Henderson et al., 2021).
Overall, all these questions do not address, or only partially address, the issue of how to increase access to electricity and clean fuels and technologies for the greatest number by 2030.The importance of this issue is paramount in the context of the effective implementation of SDG 7, which aims to ensure access to clean and affordable energy for all by this deadline.
The purpose of this panel is to highlight the different approaches that can contribute to the achievement of SDG 7.

Access to clean energy sources in developing countries is a vital issue beyond the 2030 deadline, as these energy sources will be at the heart of the lifestyles of these populations who will have to face climate change in a context where various legal instruments recognize that the share of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from developing countries will continue to increase in order to meet their needs. The reduction of said gases can be done immediately through the effective use of non-polluting energy sources in developing countries.
Various approaches can contribute to the emergence of solutions aimed at increasing the chances of achieving SDG 7 six years before the 2030 deadline, and even maintaining the momentum beyond that. For this, it is necessary to have in this panel, communication proposals addressing questions such as:
• What specific financial tools can contribute to achieving SDG 7?
• What public policies should be implemented to encourage the use of non-polluting technologies and fuels for cooking in developing countries?
• What public policies should be implemented at the local, national, sub-regional, regional, and global levels to increase access to clean energy in all sectors (businesses, communications, medicine, agriculture, and infrastructure)?
• Which policies and regulatory frameworks are likely to accelerate access to clean energy for all?
• What international cooperation frameworks should be implemented to ensure access to clean energy for all by 2030?

The panel will accept all proposals addressing these issues, including others related to the consequences of lack of access or the use of polluting energy sources on the rights of vulnerable people such as women and children, displaced persons, as well as on the environment in general. Additionally the panel will also accept papers discussing access to clman energy in the context of climate change.